Massachusetts General Hospital

Mass General Voice Center Research Laboratories are comprised of four inter-dependent entities:

Office-based KTP laser use

• Voice acoustics / aerodynamics lab
• Laryngeal high-speed video endoscopy lab
• Laboratory for biomaterials and drug delivery
• Surgical instrument prototyping facility

Over the past twenty years, team members of the Mass General Center for Laryngeal Surgery & Voice Rehabilitation have designed, developed and perfected many surgical procedures now currently in use to enhance the treatment of benign and malignant laryngeal and pharyngeal disease.

We have a long history of conducting research that is funded by governmental (National Institutes of Health) and private foundation sources to develop improved methods for preventing, diagnosing, and treating voice disorders, reflected by the list of innovations below. Much of this work is carried out in collaboration with leading scientists at:

Zeitels Universal Modular (UM) Glottiscope System

• MIT (Robert Langer Jr., ScD)
• Mass General Wellman Center for Photomedicine
  • Rox Anderson, MD
  • Guillermo Tearney, MD, PhD
  • Andy Yun, PhD

Innovations Developed by Mass General Voice Center Staff

• Fiber-based, laryngeal laser procedures for treatment of papillomatosis, premalignant/dysplasia, cancer, and vascular trauma:
  • Pulsed-dye-laser (PDL) and pulsed potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser
  • Continuous wave (Thulium and KTP) lasers
  • Office-based laser surgery with local anesthesia
• Endoscopic, minimally-invasive laryngeal cancer surgery designed specifically to restore and preserve voice and swallowing
• Subepithelial resection of vocal cord nodules and polyps in professional speakers and singers including, educators, attorneys, clergy, sales personnel, politicians, and all performing vocal artists
• New infusion techniques to enhance microsurgery of vocal cord lesions


Zeitels Vocal Fold Infusion Needle

• Patented laryngoscopes for better exposure of the larynx during surgery, especially for voice procedures
• Laryngeal framework surgical procedures to repair vocal cord movement disorders (paralysis/paresis/fixation) and thereby enhance voice function
• New procedures to treat laryngotracheal stenosis with aortic homograft reconstruction
• The book Atlas of Phonomicrosurgery to educate surgeons in state-of-the-art surgical techniques
• Portable voice monitor with biofeedback to enhance diagnosis and treatment of voice disorders
• Measures of "voice quality" from continuous speech to improve methods for assessing the impact of voice disorders and methods of treatment on vocal function
• A new artificial electrolarynx to improve speech communication for laryngectomy patients


Our texbook, Atlas of Phonomicrosurgery

Media Coverage

•  Vocal cord (glottic) cancer
  • ABC World News (April 2008)
  • NY Times Article (May 2008)

• Recurrent Respiratory Papilloma (RRP)
  • ABC Word News Video (May 2009)
  • Good Morning America (ABC) (Dec 2009)

• Vocal cord scarring (Biomaterial)
  • MGH Voice Center Research Team wins prestigious Broyles-Maloney Award from the American Broncho-Esophagological Association (Apr 2010) (page 52)

• James A. Burns, MD, FACS
• James T. Heaton, PhD
• Robert E. Hillman, PhD, CCC-SLP (Research Director)
• Sandeep S. Karajanagi, PhD
• James B. Kobler, PhD
• Gerardo Lopez-Guerra, MD
• Daryush Mehta, PhD
• Steven M. Zeitels, MD, FACS

 Ongoing Collaborative Research Projects

Methods for minimizing laser thermal damage associated with laryngeal surgery

• Injectable biomaterials to replace lost phonatory mucosa and restore vibration and vocal function to damaged (e.g., scarred) vocal cords, especially from cancer treatment
• Novel laser treatment paradigms for benign and malignant vocal cord disease
• Novel laser technologies for vocal cord scar ablation
• Methods for minimizing laser thermal damage associated with laryngeal surgery
• Aortic homograft reconstruction of laryngeal cancer defects and for treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis (in collaboration with Mass General's Division of Thoracic Surgery)
• New technologies for quantitative/objective assessment of vocal function that can assist both the diagnosis and treatment of voice disorders including ongoing development of acoustic, high-speed imaging and ambulatory monitoring/biofeedback approaches


• Aortic homograft reconstruction of laryngeal cancer defects

• Intraoperative imaging of vocal cord pathology in patients with optical coherence tomography
• Dynamic imaging of vocal cord motion with 4-D optical coherence tomography [watch video]
• Novel procedures to treat vocal cord paralysis
• Neural prosthetics to improve disordered voice and speech production

Peer-Reviewed Publications

1. Hillman RE, Gilbert, JR. Voice onset time of voiceless stop consonants in the fluent readings of stutterers and non-stutterers. J Acoust Soc Am. 1977;61:610-11.
2. Hillman RE, Weinberg B. A new procedure for venting a reflectionless tube. J Acoust Soc Am. 1981;69(5):1449-51.
3. Hillman RE, Weinberg B. Estimation of Glottal Volume Velocity Waveform Properties: A Review and Study of Some Methodological Assumptions. In: Lass N, editor. Speech and Language: Advances in Basic Research and Practice. New York:  Academic Press; 1981. p. 411-73.
4. Hillman RE, Osterle E, Feth LL. Characteristics of the glottal turbulent noise source. J Acoust Soc Am. 1983;74(3):691-94.
5. Ramsberger G, Hillman RE. Temporal Speech characteristics associated with anterior left hemisphere lesions. Brain Lang. 1985;95(10):1251-54.
6. Hillman RE, Holmberg E, Walsh M, Vaughan C. Aerodynamic assessment of the Henley-Cohn Tracheoesophageal Prosthesis. Laryngoscope. 1985;95(10):1251-54.
7. Holmberg EB, Hillman RE, Perkell JS. Glottal airflow and transglottal air pressure measurements for male and female speakers in soft, normal and loud voice. J Acoust Soc Am. 1988;84:511-29.
8. Hillman RE, Holmberg EB, Perkell JS, Walsh M, Vaughan C. Objective assessment of vocal hyperfunction: An experimental framework and initial results. J Speech Hear Res. 1989;32:373-92.
9. Holmberg EB, Hillman RE, Perkell JS. Glottal airflow and transglottal air pressure measurements for male and female speakers in low, normal and high pitch. J Voice. 1989; 3(4):294-305.
10. Hillman RE, Holmberg EB, Perkell JS, Walsh M, Vaughan C. Phonatory function associated with hyperfunctionally related vocal fold lesions. J Voice. 1990; 4(1):52-63.
11. Perkell JS, Holmberg EB, Hillman RE. A system for signal processing and data extraction from aerodynamic, acoustic and electroglottographic signals in the study of voice. J Acoust Soc Am. 1991;89(4):1777-81.
12. The Department of Veterans Affairs Laryngeal Cancer Study Group. Induction Chemotherapy Plus Radiation Compared with Surgery Plus Radiation in Patients with Advanced Laryngeal Cancer. N Engl J Med. 1991 Jun 13;324(24):1685-90. (RE Hillman directed the Central Speech Laboratory for this project and was a member of the writing committee for this article.)
13. Newman L, Cleveland R, Hillman RE, Weber H. Videofluoroscopic analysis of infant swallow. Invest Radiol. 1992;26(10):870-73.
14.  Sperry E, Hillman RE, Perkell JS. The use of inductance plethysmography to assess respiratory function in a patient with vocal nodules. J Med Speech Lang Pathol. 1994;2:137-145.
15. Holmberg EB, Hillman RE, Perkell JS, Gress C. Relationships between intra-speaker variation in aerodynamic measures of voice production and variation in SPL across repeated recordings. J Speech Hear Res. 1994;37:484-495.
16. Perkell JS, Hillman RE, Holmberg EB. Group differences in measures of voice production and revised values of maximum airflow declination rate. J Acoust Soc Am. 1994;96(2):695-698.
17. Holmberg EB, Perkell JS, Hillman RE, Gress C. Individual variation in measures of voice. Phonetica. 1994;51:30-37.
18. Montgomery WM, Hillman RE, Varvares MA. Combined thyroplasty type I and inferior constrictor myotomy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1994;103:858-862.
19. Varvares MA, Montgomery WW, Hillman RE. Teflon granuloma of the larynx: Etilogy, pathology, and management. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1995;104:511-515.
20. Holmberg EB, Hillman RE, Perkell JS, Guiod PC, Goldman SL. Comparisons among aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic measures of female voice. J Speech Hear Res. 1995; 38:1212-1223.
21. Goldman SL, Hargrave J, Hillman RE, Holmberg EB, Gress G. Stress, anxiety, somatic compliants, and voice use in women with vocal nodules: Preliminary findings. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 1996;5(1): 44-54.
22. Toomey JM, Vaughan CW, Zeitels SM. Data management without data managers: an effective standardized system of otolaryngologic operative reporting. Laryngoscope 1990;100:1122-1126.
23. Zeitels SM, Vaughan CW. The adjustable supraglottiscope. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990;103:487-492.
24. Zeitels SM, Vaughan CW, Domanowski GF. Endoscopic management of early supraglottic cancer. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990;99:951-956.
25. Zeitels SM, Vaughan CW, Domanowski GF, Fuleihan NS, Simpson GT, 2nd. Laser epiglottectomy: endoscopic technique and indications. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990;103:337-343.
26. Zeitels SM, Domanowski GF, Vincent ME, Malhotra C, Vaughan CW. A model for multidisciplinary data collection for cervical metastasis. Laryngoscope 1991;101:1313-1317.
27. Zeitels SM, Vaughan CW. Preepiglottic space invasion in "early" epiglottic cancer. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1991;100:789-792.
28. Zeitels SM, Vaughan CW. A submucosal true vocal fold infusion needle. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1991;105:478-479.
29. Zeitels SM, Vaughan CW, Ruh S. Suprahyoid pharyngotomy for oropharynx cancer including the tongue base. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1991;117:757-760.
30. Zeitels SM, Vaughan CW, Tommey JM. A precision technique for suprahyoid pharyngotomy. Laryngoscope 1991;101:565-566.
31. Shapiro J, Zeitels SM, Fried MP. Laser Surgery for Laryngeal Cancer. Operative Tech in Oto-Head Neck Surg 1992;3:84-92.
32. Zeitels SM, Koufman JA, Davis RK, Vaughan CW. Endoscopic treatment of supraglottic and hypopharynx cancer.Laryngoscope 1994;104:71-78.
33. Zeitels SM, Vaughan CW. "External counterpressure" and "internal distention" for optimal laryngoscopic exposure of the anterior glottal commissure. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1994;103:669-675.
34. Zeitels SM, Vaughan CW. Tongue-base-cancer resection with partial supraglottic laryngectomy. Am J Otolaryngol1994;15:197-203.
35. Zeitels SM. Premalignant epithelium and microinvasive cancer of the vocal fold: the evolution of phonomicrosurgical management. Laryngoscope 1995;105:1-51.
36. Zeitels SM, Davis RK. Endoscopic laser management of supraglottic cancer. Am J Otolaryngol 1995;16:2-11.
37. Zeitels SM, Kirchner JA. Hyoepiglottic ligament in supraglottic cancer. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1995;104:770-775.
38. Kass ES, Hillman RE, Zeitels SM. Vocal fold submucosal infusion technique in phonomicrosurgery. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1996;105:341-347.
39. Kieff DA, Zeitels SM. Phonosurgery. Compr Ther 1996;22:222-230.
40. Zeitels SM. Phonomicrosurgical treatment of early glottic cancer and carcinoma in situ. Am J Surg 1996;172:704-709.
41. Zeitels SM. Laser versus cold instruments for microlaryngoscopic surgery. Laryngoscope 1996;106:545-552.
42. Zeitels SM. Jacob Da Silva Solis-Cohen: America's first head and neck surgeon. Head Neck 1997;19:342-346.
43.  Zeitels SM. Surgical management of early supraglottic cancer. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1997;30:59-78.
44. Zeitels SM, Hillman RE, Bunting GW, Vaughn T. Reinke's edema: phonatory mechanisms and management strategies.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1997;106:533-543.
45. Kobler JB, Hillman RE, Zeitels SM, Kuo J. Assessment of vocal function using simultaneous aerodynamic and calibrated videostroboscopic measures. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1998;107:477-485.
46. So JB, Zeitels SM, Rattner DW. Outcomes of atypical symptoms attributed to gastroesophageal reflux treated by laparoscopic fundoplication. Surgery 1998;124:28-32.
47. Zeitels SM. Infrapetiole exploration of the supraglottis for exposure of the anterior glottal commissure. J Voice 1998;12:117-122.
48. Zeitels SM. Chevalier Jackson's contributions to direct laryngoscopy. J Voice 1998;12:1-6.
49. Zeitels SM, Hochman I, Hillman RE. Adduction arytenopexy: a new procedure for paralytic dysphonia with implications for implant medialization. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 1998;173:2-24.
50. Zeitels SM, Kim J. Soft-palate reconstruction with a "SCARF" superior-constrictor advancement-rotation flap. Laryngoscope1998;108:1136-1140.
51. Hochman, II, Zeitels SM, Heaton JT. Analysis of the forces and position requiredion station: educational paradigms in phonosurgery. Laryngoscope 2004;114:878-882.
52. Hochman I, Sataloff RT, Hillman RE, Zeitels SM. Ectasias and varices of the vocal fold: clearing the striking zone. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1999;108:10-16. 32.
53. Hochman II, Zeitels SM, Heaton JT. Exposure and visualization of the glottis for phonomicrosurgery. Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 1999;9:192-195. 33.
54. Zeitels SM. Universal modular glottiscope system: the evolution of a century of design and technique for direct laryngoscopy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 1999;179:2-24. 34.
55. Zeitels SM, Hillman RE, Desloge RB, Bunting GA. Cricothyroid subluxation: a new innovation for enhancing the voice with laryngoplastic phonosurgery. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1999;108:1126-1131.
56. Zeitels SM, Sataloff RT. Phonomicrosurgical resection of glottal papillomatosis. J Voice 1999;13:123-127.
57. Desloge RB, Zeitels SM. Endolaryngeal microsurgery at the anterior glottal commissure: controversies and observations.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2000;109:385-392.
58. Heaton JT, Kobler JB, Goldstein EA, McMahon TA, Barry DT, Hillman RE. Recurrent laryngeal nerve transposition in guinea pigs. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2000;109:972-980.
59. Hochman, II, Zeitels SM. Phonomicrosurgical management of vocal fold polyps: the subepithelial microflap resection technique. J Voice 2000;14:112-118.
60. Sataloff RT, Ressue JC, Portell M, Harris RM, Ossoff R, Merati AL, Zeitels S. Granular cell tumors of the larynx. J Voice2000;14:119-134.
61. Zeitels SM. Phonomicrosurgery I: principles and equipment. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2000;33:1047-1062.
62. Zeitels SM. New procedures for paralytic dysphonia: adduction arytenopexy, Goretex medialization laryngoplasty, and cricothyroid subluxation. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2000;33:841-854.
63. Zeitels SM. The evolution of the assessment and treatment of paralytic dysphonia. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2000;33:803-816.
64. Colden D, Zeitels SM, Hillman RE, Jarboe J, Bunting G, Spanou K. Stroboscopic assessment of vocal fold keratosis and glottic cancer. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2001;110:293-298.
65. Jarboe JK, Zeitels SM, Elias B. Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in singers. J Voice 2001;15:561-564.
66. Zeitels SM, Jarboe J, Franco RA. Phonosurgical reconstruction of early glottic cancer. Laryngoscope 2001;111:1862-1865.
67. Ferlito A, Silver CE, Zeitels SM, Rinaldo A. Evolution of laryngeal cancer surgery. Acta Otolaryngol 2002;122:665-672.
68. Franco RA, Jr., Zeitels SM, Farinelli WA, Anderson RR. 585-nm pulsed dye laser treatment of glottal papillomatosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2002;111:486-492.
69. Zeitels SM, Casiano RR, Gardner GM, Hogikyan ND, Koufman JA, Rosen CA. Management of common voice problems: Committee report. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;126:333-348.
70. Zeitels SM, Hillman RE, Desloge R, Mauri M, Doyle PB. Phonomicrosurgery in singers and performing artists: treatment outcomes, management theories, and future directions. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 2002;190:21-40.
71. Zeitels SM, Hillman RE, Franco RA, Bunting GW. Voice and treatment outcome from phonosurgical management of early glottic cancer. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 2002;190:3-20.
72. Franco RA, Jr., Zeitels SM, Farinelli WA, Faquin W, Anderson RR. 585-nm pulsed dye laser treatment of glottal dysplasia.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2003;112:751-758.
73. Hartnick CJ, Dailey S, Franco R, Zeitels SM. Office-based pulsed dye laser treatment for hemorrhagic telangiectasias and epistaxis. Laryngoscope 2003;113:1085-1087.
74. Meltzner GS, Kobler JB, Hillman RE. Measuring the neck frequency response function of laryngectomy patients: implications for the design of electrolarynx devices. J Acoust Soc Am. 2003;114(2):1035-47. 18. Bunaprasert T, Hadlock T, Marler J, Kobler JB Cowan D, Faquin W, Varvares M. Tissue engineered muscle implantation for tongue reconstruction: a preliminary report. Laryngoscope. 113:1792-7, 2003.
75. Zeitels SM, Healy GB. Laryngology and phonosurgery. N Engl J Med 2003;349:882-892.
76. Zeitels SM, Mauri M, Dailey SH. Medialization laryngoplasty with Gore-Tex for voice restoration secondary to glottal incompetence: indications and observations. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2003;112:180-184.
77. Burns JA, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM. Microstereo-laryngoscopic lipoinjection: practical considerations. Laryngoscope2004;114:1864-1867.
78. Dailey SH, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM. A laryngeal dissection station: educational paradigms in phonosurgery. Laryngoscope2004;114:878-882.
79. Devaney KO, Rinaldo A, Zeitels SM, Bradley PJ, Ferlito A. Laryngeal dysplasia and other epithelial changes on endoscopic biopsy: what does it all mean to the individual patient? ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2004;66:1-4.
80. Goldstein EA, Heaton JT, Kobler JB, Stanley GB, Hillman RE. Design and implementation of a hands-free electrolarynx device controlled by neck strap muscle electromyographic activity. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2004;51:325-332.
81. Heaton JT, Goldstein EA, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM, Randolph GW, Walsh MJ, Gooey JE, Hillman RE. Surface electromyographic activity in total laryngectomy patients following laryngeal nerve transfer to neck strap muscles. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2004;113:754-764.
82. Jia X, Burdick JA, Kobler J, Clifton RJ, Rosowski JJ, Zeitels SM, Langer R. Synthesis and Characterization of in Situ Crosslinkable Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogels with Potential Application for Vocal Fold Regeneration. Macromolecules. 2004;37:3239-3248.
83. Zeitels SM. Optimizing voice after endoscopic partial laryngectomy. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2004;37:627-636.
84. Zeitels SM, Burns JA, Dailey SH. Suspension laryngoscopy revisited. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2004;113:16-22.
85. Zeitels SM, Dailey SH, Burns JA. Technique of en block laser endoscopic frontolateral laryngectomy for glottic cancer.Laryngoscope 2004;114:175-180.
86. Zeitels SM, Franco RA, Jr., Dailey SH, Burns JA, Hillman RE, Anderson RR. Office-based treatment of glottal dysplasia and papillomatosis with the 585-nm pulsed dye laser and local anesthesia. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2004;113:265-276.
87. Zeitels SM, Mauri M, Dailey SH. Adduction arytenopexy for vocal fold paralysis: indications and technique. J Laryngol Otol2004;118:508-516.
88. Burns JA, Zeitels SM, Anderson RR, Kobler JB, Pierce MC, de Boer JF. Imaging the mucosa of the human vocal fold with optical coherence tomography. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2005;114:671-676.
89. Dailey SH, Kobler JB, Hillman RE, Tangrom K, Thananart E, Mauri M, Zeitels SM. Endoscopic measurement of vocal fold movement during adduction and abduction. Laryngoscope 2005;115:178-183.
90. Gunter HE, Howe RD, Zeitels SM, Kobler JB, Hillman RE. Measurement of vocal fold collision forces during phonation: methods and preliminary data. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2005;48:567-576.
91. Hahn MS, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM, Langer R. Midmembranous vocal fold lamina propria proteoglycans across selected species. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2005;114:451-462.
92. Hartnick CJ, Zeitels SM. Pediatric video laryngo-stroboscopy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2005;69:215-219.
93. Heaton JT, Kobler JB. Use of muscle fibrillation for tracking nerve regeneration. Muscle Nerve 2005;31:235-241.
94. Heaton JT, Kobler JB, Hillman RE, Zeitels SM. A new instrument for intraoperative assessment of individual vocal folds.Laryngoscope 2005;115:1223-1229.
95. Holzrichter JF, Ng LC, Burke GJ, Champagne NJ, Kallman JS, Sharpe RM, Kobler JB, Hillman RE, Rosowski JJ. Measurements of glottal structure dynamics. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2005;117(3):1373-1385.
96. Hahn MS, Kobler JB, Starcher BC, Zeitels SM, Langer R. Quantitative and comparative studies of the vocal fold extracellular matrix. I: Elastic fibers and hyaluronic acid. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2006;115:156-164.
97. Hahn MS, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM, Langer R. Quantitative and comparative studies of the vocal fold extracellular matrix II: collagen. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2006;115:225-232.
98. Hahn MS, Teply BA, Stevens MM, Zeitels SM, Langer R. Collagen composite hydrogels for vocal fold lamina propria restoration. Biomaterials 2006;27:1104-1109.
99. Hess MM, Mueller F, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM, Goodyer E. Measurements of vocal fold elasticity using the linear skin rheometer. Folia Phoniatr Logop 2006;58:207-216.
100. Hillman RE, Heaton JT, Masaki A, Zeitels SM, Cheyne HA. Ambulatory monitoring of disordered voices. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2006;115:795-801.
101. Jia X, Yeo Y, Clifton RJ, Jiao T, Kohane DS, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM, Langer R. Hyaluronic acid-based microgels and microgel networks for vocal fold regeneration. Biomacromolecules 2006;7:3336-3344.
102. Klein AM, Pierce MC, Zeitels SM, Anderson RR, Kobler JB, Shishkov M, de Boer JF. Imaging the human vocal folds in vivo with optical coherence tomography: a preliminary experience. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2006;115:277-284.
103. Kobler JB, Rosen DI, Burns JA, Akst LM, Broadhurst MS, Zeitels SM, Hillman RE. Comparison of a flexible laryngoscope with calibrated sizing function to intraoperative measurements. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2006;115:733-740.
104. Luo Y, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM, Langer R. Effects of growth factors on extracellular matrix production by vocal fold fibroblasts in 3-dimensional culture. Tissue Eng 2006;12:3365-3374.
105. Wright CD, Zeitels SM. Recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries after esophagectomy. Thorac Surg Clin 2006;16:23-33, v.
106. Zeitels SM, Akst LM, Bums JA, Hillman RE, Broadhurst MS, Anderson RR. Pulsed angiolytic laser treatment of ectasias and varices in singers. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2006;115:571-580.
107. Zeitels SM, Akst LM, Burns JA, Hillman RE, Broadhurst MS, Anderson RR. Office-based 532-nm pulsed KTP laser treatment of glottal papillomatosis and dysplasia. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2006;115:679-685.
108. Zeitels SM, Burns JA. Laser applications in laryngology: past, present, and future. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2006;39:159-172.
109. Zeitels SM, Burns JA, Akst LM, Hillman RE, Broadhurst MS, Anderson RR. Office-based and microlaryngeal applications of a fiber-based thulium laser. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2006;115:891-896.
110. Zeitels SM, Kobler JB, Heaton JT, Faquin W. Carbon dioxide laser fiber for laryngeal cancer surgery. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2006;115:535-541.
111. Akst LM, Broadhurst MS, Burns JA, Zeitels SM. Microflap laryngosplasty for treating an anterior-commissure web with papillomatosis. Laryngoscope 2007;117:1496-1499.
112. Broadhurst MS, Akst LM, Burns JA, Kobler JB, Heaton JT, Anderson RR, Zeitels SM. Effects of 532 nm pulsed-KTP laser parameters on vessel ablation in the avian chorioallantoic membrane: implications for vocal fold mucosa. Laryngoscope2007;117:220-225.
113. Broadhurst MS, Kobler JB, Burns JA, Anderson RR, Zeitels SM. Chick chorioallantoic membrane as a model for simulating human true vocal folds. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2007;116:917-921.
114. Burns JA, Kobler JB, Heaton JT, Lopez-Guerra G, Anderson RR, Zeitels SM. Thermal damage during thulium laser dissection of laryngeal soft tissue is reduced with air cooling: ex vivo calf model study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol2007;116:853-857.
115. Burns JA, Zeitels SM, Akst LM, Broadhurst MS, Hillman RE, Anderson R. 532 nm pulsed potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis under general anesthesia. Laryngoscope 2007;117:1500-1504.
116. Dailey SH, Spanou K, Zeitels SM. The evaluation of benign glottic lesions: rigid telescopic stroboscopy versus suspension microlaryngoscopy. J Voice 2007;21:112-118.
117. Goldstein EA, Heaton JT, Stepp CE, Hillman RE. Training Effects on Speech Production Using a Hands-Free Electromyographically-Controlled Electrolarynx. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2007;50:335-351.
118. Merritt R, Zeitels SM, Austen WG, Jr., Lauwers GY, Gaissert HA. Staged closure of tracheogastrocutaneous fistula after esophagectomy for infiltrative granular cell tumor. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007;134:805-807.
119. Zeitels SM. Chevalier Jackson lecture 2006. Concepts and culture of innovation. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2007;116:479-482.
120. Zeitels SM, Anderson RR, Hillman RE, Burns JA. Experience with office-based pulsed-dye laser (PDL) treatment. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2007;116:317-318.
121. Zeitels SM, Blitzer A, Hillman RE, Anderson RR. Foresight in laryngology and laryngeal surgery: a 2020 vision. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 2007;198:2-16.
122. Zeitels SM, Burns JA. Office-based laryngeal laser surgery with the 532-nm pulsed-potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser.Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007;15:394-400.
123. Zeitels SM, Burns JA. Office-based laryngeal laser surgery with local anesthesia. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg2007;15:141-147.
124. Burns JA, Kobler JB, Heaton JT, Anderson RR, Zeitels SM. Predicting clinical efficacy of photoangiolytic and cutting/ablating lasers using the chick chorioallantoic membrane model: implications for endoscopic voice surgery. Laryngoscope2008;118:1109-1124.
125. Chau Y, Luo Y, Cheung AC, Nagai Y, Zhang S, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM, Langer R. Incorporation of a matrix metalloproteinase-sensitive substrate into self-assembling peptides - A model for biofunctional scaffolds. Biomaterials. 2008;29:1713-9.
126. Deliyski DD, Petrushev PP, Bonilha HS, Gerlach TT, Martin-Harris B, Hillman RE. Clinical implementation of laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy: challenges and evolution. Folia Phoniatr Logop 2008;60:33-44.
127. Mehta DD, Hillman RE. Voice assessment: updates on perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic, and endoscopic imaging methods. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008;16:211-215.
128. Park H, Williams R, Goldman N, Choe H, Kobler J, Lopez-Guerra G, Heaton JT, Langer R, Zeitels SM. Comparison of effects of 2 harvesting methods on fat autograft. Laryngoscope 2008;118:1493-1499.
129. Stepp CE, Heaton JT, Hillman RE. Post-laryngectomy speech respiration patterns. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol2008;117:557-563.
130. Walsh CJ, Heaton JT, Kobler JB, Szabo TL, Zeitels SM. Imaging of the calf vocal fold with high-frequency ultrasound.Laryngoscope 2008;118:1894-1899.
131. Zeitels SM. Re: prospective trial of voice outcomes after thyroidectomy: evaluation of patient-reported and clinician-determined voice assessments in identifying post-thyroidectomy dysphonia. Surgery 2008;143:822-823.
132. Zeitels SM, Burns JA, Lopez-Guerra G, Anderson RR, Hillman RE. Photoangiolytic laser treatment of early glottic cancer: a new management strategy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 2008;199:3-24.
133. Burns JA, Friedman AD, Lutch MJ, Hillman RE, Zeitels SM. Value and utility of 532 nanometre pulsed potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser in endoscopic laryngeal surgery. J Laryngol Otol 2009:1-5.
134. Burns JA, Har-El G, Shapshay S, Maune S, Zeitels SM. Endoscopic laser resection of laryngeal cancer: is it oncologically safe? Position statement from the American Broncho-Esophagological Association. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol2009;118:399-404.
135. Burns JA, Hillman RE, Stadelman-Cohen T, Zeitels SM. Phonomicrosurgical treatment of intracordal vocal-fold cysts in singers. Laryngoscope 2009;119:419-422.
136. Burns JA, Kim KH, Kobler JB, Deboer JF, Lopez-Guerra G, Zeitels SM. Real-time tracking of vocal fold injections with optical coherence tomography. Laryngoscope 2009.
137. Herrera VL, Viereck JC, Lopez-Guerra G, Kumai Y, Kobler J, Karajanagi S, Park H, Hillman R, Zeitels SM. 11.7 Tesla magnetic resonance microimaging of laryngeal tissue architecture. Laryngoscope. 2009;119:2187-94
138. Kempster GB, Gerratt BR, Verdolini Abbott K, Barkmeier-Kraemer J, Hillman RE. Consensus auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice: development of a standardized clinical protocol. Am J Speech Lang Pathol 2009;18:124-132.
139. Kubert HL, Stepp CE, Zeitels SM, Gooey JE, Walsh MJ, Prakash SR, Hillman RE, Heaton JT. Electromyographic control of a hands-free electrolarynx using neck strap muscles. J Commun Disord 2009;42:211-225.
140. Kumai Y, Kobler JB, Park H, Lopez-Guerra G, Karajanagi S, Herrera VL, Zeitels SM. Crosstalk between adipose-derived stem/stromal cells and vocal fold fibroblasts in vitro. Laryngoscope 2009;119:799-805.
141. Lahav Y, Burns JA, Feinberg S, Heaton JT, Zeitels SM. Initial anatomic geographic presentation of glottal dysplasia. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2009;118:321-325.
142. Saikachi Y, Stevens KN, Hillman RE. Development and perceptual evaluation of amplitude-based F0 control in electrolarynx speech. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2009;52:1360-1369.
143. Stepp CE, Heaton JT, Givens RN, Hillman RE. Use of neck and face surface electromyography for controlling a prosthetic voice after total laryngectomy. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2009;17:146-155.
144. Zeitels SM, Lopez-Guerra G, Burns JA, Lutch M, Friedman AD, Hillman RE. Microlaryngoscopic and office-based injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) to enhance 532-nm pulsed KTP laser treatment of glottal papillomatosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 2009;201:1-13.
145. Burns JA, Lopez-Guerra G, Heaton JT, Kobler JB, Kraas J, Zeitels SM. Cooling the "oven": a temperature study of air and glottal tissue during laser surgery in an ex vivo calf larynx model. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2010 Oct;119(10):684-9.
146. Friedman, A.D., Burns, J.A., Heaton, J.T., and  Zeitels, S.M.  Early Injection Medialization for Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis.  Laryngoscope. 2010 Oct;120(10):2042-6.
147. Deliyski DD, Hillman RE. State of the art laryngeal imaging: research and clinical implications. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010;18:147-152.
148. Kobler JB, Chang EW, Zeitels SM, Yun SH. Dynamic imaging of vocal fold oscillation with four-dimensional optical coherence tomography. Laryngoscope 2010;120:1354-1362.
149. Kumai Y, Kobler JB, Herrera VL, Zeitels SM. Perspectives on adipose-derived stem/stromal cells as potential treatment for scarred vocal folds: opportunity and challenges. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther  2010;5:175-181.
150. Kumai Y, Kobler JB, Park H, Galindo M, Herrera VL, Zeitels SM. Modulation of vocal fold scar fibroblasts by adipose-derived stem/stromal cells. Laryngoscope 2010;120:330-337.
151. Lin HW, Richmon JD, Emerick KS, de Venecia RK, Zeitels SM, Faquin WC, Lin DT. Malignant transformation of a highly aggressive human papillomavirus type 11-associated recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Am J Otolaryngol 2010;31:291-296.
152. Luo Y, Kobler JB, Heaton JT, Jia X, Zeitels SM, Langer R. Injectable hyaluronic acid-dextran hydrogels and effects of implantation in ferret vocal fold. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010;93:386-393.
153. Mehta DD, Deliyski DD, Zeitels SM, Quatieri TF, Hillman RE. Voice production mechanisms following phonosurgical treatment of early glottic cancer. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2010;119:1-9.
154. Park H, Karajanagi S, Wolak K, Aanestad J, Daheron L, Kobler JB, Lopez-Guerra G, Heaton JT, Langer RS, Zeitels SM. Three-dimensional hydrogel model using adipose-derived stem cells for vocal fold augmentation. Tissue Eng Part A.  2010;16:535-543.
155. Park H, Yip MC, Chertok B, Kost J, Kobler JB, Langer R, Zeitels SM. Indirect low-intensity ultrasonic stimulation for tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng. 2010; 2010: 973530.
156. Stepp C.E., Heaton J.T., Jetté M.E., Burns J.A., Hillman, R.E.  Neck surface electromyography as a measure of vocal hyperfunction before and after injection laryngoplasty.  Annals of Otology, Rhinology, & Laryngology.  2010 Sep;119(9):594-601..
157. Stepp CE, Hillman RE, Heaton JT. Use of Neck Strap Muscle Intermuscular Coherence as a Measure of Vocal Hyperfunction. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2010;18:329 - 335.
158. Stepp, C.E., Hillman, R.E., Heaton, J.T.  The Impact of Vocal Hyperfunction on Relative Fundamental Frequency during Voicing Offset and Onset.  Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research.  2010 Oct;53(5):1220-6.
159. Stepp, C., Hillman, R., and Heaton, J.  A virtual trajectory model predicts differences in vocal fold kinematics in individuals with vocal hyperfunction.  Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2010 May;127(5):3166-76.
160. Burns JA, Lopez-Guerra G, Kobler JB, Faquin W, LeClair M, Zeitels SM. Pulsed potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser photoangiolytic treatment of mucosal squamous cell carcinoma in the hamster cheek pouch. Laryngoscope. 2011 May;121(5):942-6.
161. Stepp C.E., Hillman, R.E., Heaton J.T.  Modulation of Neck Intermuscular Beta Coherence during Voice and Speech, Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2011. 54(3), pp 836-844.
162. Stepp, C.E., Heaton, J.T., Braden, M.N., Jette, M.E., Stadelman-Cohen, T.K., Hillman, R.E.  Comparison of neck tension palpation rating systems with surface electromyographic and acoustic measures in vocal hyperfunction.  J Voice. 2011 Jan;25(1):67-75.
163. Stepp CE, Heaton JT, Stadelman-Cohen TK, Braden MN, Jetté ME, Hillman RE.  Characteristics of Phonatory Function in Singers and Non-singers with vocal fold nodules. J Voice. 2011, 25:6, pp 714-724.
164. Stepp, C.E., Merchant, G.R, Heaton, J.T., and Hillman, R.E.  Effects of Voice Therapy on Relative Fundamental Frequency during Voicing Offset and Onset in Patients with Vocal Hyperfunction.  Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research. 2011 Apr 15. [Epub ahead of print].
165. Zañartu, M., Mehta, D. D., Ho, J. C., Wodicka, G. R., and Hillman, R. E.  Observation and analysis of in vivo vocal fold tissue instabilities produced by nonlinear source-filter coupling: A case study. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2011, 129, 326-339.
166. Zeitels, S.M., de Alarcon, A., Burns, J.A., Lopez-Guerra, G., Hillman, R.E., Posterior glottic diastasis: mechanically deceptive and often overlooked. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 2011 Feb 120:71-80
167. Zeitels, S.M., Barbu, A.M., Landau-Zemer, T., Lopez-Guerra, G., Burns, J., Friedman, A.,  Freeman, M., Halvorsen, Y., Hillman, R.E.  Local Injection of Bevacizumab (Avastin) and Angiolytic KTP-Laser Treatment of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis of the Vocal Folds: A Prospective Study. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology, 120 (10): 627-634, 2011.
168. Mehta, D.D, Zanartu, M., Quatieri, T., Deliyski, D.D., Hillman, R.E. “Investigating acoustic correlates of human vocal fold vibratory phase asymmetry through modeling and laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy”, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 130(6), 3999-4009, 2011. 
169. Karajanagi, S.S., Lopez-Guerra, G., Park, H., Kobler, J.B., Galindo., M., Aanestad, J., Mehta, D.D., Kumai, Y., Giordano, N., d’Almeida, A., Heaton, J.T., Langer, R., Herrera, V.L.M., Faquin, W., Hillman, R.E., and Zeitels, S.M.  Assessment of canine vocal fold function after injection of a new biomaterial designed to treat phonatory mucosal scarring.  Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology. 2011 Mar;120(3):175-84.
170. Karajanagi, S.S., Yoganathan R, Mammucari R, Park H, Cox J, Zeitels SM, Langer R, Foster NR. Application of a dense gas technique for sterilizing soft biomaterials. Biotechnology Bioengineering.  2011. 108(7):1716-25
171. Burns, J.A., Kim KH, Deboer JF, Anderson RR, Zeitels SM. Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Benign and Malignant Laryngeal Lesions: An In Vivo Study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011 145(1):91-9
172. Zeitels, S.M., Burns, J.A., Wain, J.C., Wright, C.D., Rosenberg, A.E., Function Preservation Surgery In Patients With Chondrosarcoma Of The Cricoid Cartilage.  Annals Of Otology, Rhinology And Laryngology 2011  120: 603-607
173. Koo, H.J., Burns, J.A., Kobler, J.B., Heaton, J.T., Zeitels, S.M.  A Novel Device for Tissue Cooling During Endoscopic Laser Surgery: Thermal Damage Study in an ex-vivo Calf Model.  Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, 2012, 121(7):485-9.
174. Heaton, J.T., Kobler, J.B, Ottensmeyer, M.P., Lopez-Guerra, G., Karajanagi, S.S., Burns, J.A., Zeitels, S.M..  Modification and Testing of a Pneumatic Dispensing Device for Controlled Delivery of Injectable Materials.  The Laryngoscope, 2012, 122(9):2023-8.
175. D. D. Mehta, M. Zañartu, S. W. Feng, H. A. Cheyne II, R. E. Hillman.  Mobile voice health monitoring using a wearable accelerometer sensor and a smartphone platform. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 2012.  59(11), 3090–3096.
176. Friedman AD, Burns JA, Lutch MJ, Zeitels SM. Submucosal Neoplasms of the Laryngeal Introitus. Journal of Laryngology & Otology.  2012 126(7):706-13
177. Zeitels, SM, Barbu AM, Landau-Zemer T, Lopez-Guerra G, Burns JA, Friedman AD, Freeman MW, Halvorsen YD, Hillman RE. Local Injection Of Bevacizumab (Avastin) And Angiolytic KTP Laser Treatment Of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis Of The Vocal Folds: A Prospective Study. Annals Of Otology, Rhinology And Laryngology 2011  120:627-634
178. Burns JA, Friedman AD, Lutch MJ, Zeitels SM. Subepithelial Vocal Fold Infusion: A Useful Diagnostic and  Therapeutic Technique. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology 2012; 121(4): 224-230.
179. Mehta DD, Zeitels SM, Burns JA, Friedman AD, Deliyski DD, Hillman RE. High-Speed Videoendoscopic Analysis of Relationships Between Cepstral-based Acoustic Measures and Voice Production Mechanisms in Patients Undergoing Microsurgery. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology 2012; 121: 341-347
180. Zeitels, S.M., Wain, J.C., Barbu, A.M., Bryson, P.C., Burns J.A. Aortic Homograft Reconstruction of Partial Laryngectomy Defects: A New Technique. Annals Of Otology, Rhinology And Laryngology. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology 2012; 121(5): 301-306.
181. Hoy CL, Everett WN, Yildirim M, Kobler J, Zeitels SM, Ben-Yakar A. Towards endoscopic ultrafast laser microsurgery of vocal folds.  Jorunal of Biomed Opt.  2012 17(3):038002.
182. Best, SR, Friedman AD, Landau-Zemer T, Barbu AM, Burns JA, Freeman MW, Halvorsen YD, Hillman RE, Zeitels SM. Safety and dosing of bevacizumab (avastin) for the treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.  Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2012 Sep; 121(9):587-93.
183. Friedman AD, Hillman RE, Landau-Zemer T, Burns JA, Zeitels SM. Voice outcomes for photoangiolytic KTP laser treatment of early glottic cancer. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2013 Mar; 122(3):151-8.
184. N. Roy, J. Barkmeier-Kraemer, T. Eadie, M. P. Sivasankar, D. Mehta, D. Paul, R. Hillman (2012). Evidence-based clinical voice assessment: A systematic review. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, in press.

Voice Center (Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation)

Phone: 617-726-1444
Fax: 617-726-0222
Email: voice_center@mgh.harvard.edu