Testicular Torsion in Children
Testicular torsion is a painful twisting of a boy’s testicles and spermatic cord. Torsion causes blood to not flow to the testicles. This can damage them. Treatment needs to be done right away to prevent long-lasting (permanent) injury to the testicles.
Featured Treatments
Pediatric Surgery
The Pediatric Surgery service at Mass General for Children is an international referral center for the complete spectrum of general and thoracic pediatric and neonatal surgical services.
Pediatric Urology
The Pediatric Urology Service at Mass General for Children provides care ranging from simple circumcisions to the most complex of urinary and genital anomalies in children from birth to young adulthood.
Urología Pediátrica
El Servicio de Urología Pediátrica del Mass General for Children le ofrece a sus pacientes procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos de acuerdo con los avances mas recientes e importantes de la especialidad.
Testicular Torsion in Children
What is testicular torsion in children?
Testicular torsion is a painful twisting of a boy’s testicles and spermatic cord. The spermatic cord is a set of nerves, ducts, and blood vessels that leads from the groin to the testicles. Torsion can happen to one or both testicles. Torsion causes blood to not flow to the testicles. This can damage them. Treatment needs to be done right away to prevent long-lasting (permanent) injury to the testicles.
What causes testicular torsion in a child?
Testicular torsion in young boys and teen boys occurs when the testicles are not completely attached in the scrotum. This lets the testicles move more freely and twist. Torsion may happen during physical activity.
Testicular torsion in a baby happens when the sac around the testicles doesn’t attach to the scrotum.
Which children are at risk for testicular torsion?
Testicular torsion often occurs in boys ages 10 and older. It can also happen when a baby is growing in the mother's uterus, or shortly after a baby is born. The condition is sometimes seen in fathers, sons, and brothers. This means it may be linked to a gene.
What are the symptoms of testicular torsion in a child?
The severity of the symptoms depends on if the testicle is partly or fully twisted. Symptoms can occur a bit differently in each child. The scrotum may be:
Painful (the pain is often very severe)
Red
Swollen
Firm (in a baby)
Bruised (in a baby)
Closer to the groin
Your child may also have nausea and vomiting.
Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency. If you think that your son has testicular torsion, he should be taken to an emergency department right away for evaluation.
The symptoms of testicular torsion can seem like other health conditions. Make sure your child sees his healthcare provider, or is seen in the emergency department, for a diagnosis.
How is testicular torsion diagnosed in a child?
The healthcare provider will ask about your child’s symptoms and health history. They may also ask about your family’s health history. The provider will give your son a physical exam. He may also have tests, such as an ultrasound. This is a painless imaging test that uses sound waves to see the scrotum and testicles and check blood flow.
How is testicular torsion treated in a child?
Testicular torsion often needs to be treated right away. The more severe the torsion, the more quickly treatment is needed. In some cases, the torsion may be untwisted by hand. But surgery is still needed to keep the testicle in place so torsion can’t occur again. To reduce the risk of long-term problems, surgery should be done within 6 hours of symptoms. Surgery can also help stop torsion from happening again.
Talk with your child’s healthcare providers about the risks, benefits, and possible side effects of all treatments.
What are possible complications of testicular torsion in a child?
If the condition is not treated quickly, it can lead to loss of the testicle.
When should I call my child’s healthcare provider?
Testicular torsion is a medical emergency. If you think that your son has testicular torsion, he should be taken to an emergency department right away for evaluation.
After surgery, call the healthcare provider if your child has:
Symptoms that don’t get better, or get worse
New symptoms
Key points about testicular torsion in children
Testicular torsion is a painful twisting of a boy’s testicles and spermatic cord. It can happen to one or both testicles.
Torsion causes blood to not flow to the testicles. This can damage them. To reduce the risk of long-term problems, surgery is often done within 6 hours of symptoms.
It often occurs in boys ages 10 and older. It can also happen when a baby is growing in the uterus, or shortly after a baby is born. The condition may be linked to a gene.
Symptoms can include a painful, red, and swollen scrotum, and nausea and vomiting.
If the condition is not treated quickly, it can lead to loss of the testicle.
Next steps
Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your child’s healthcare provider:
Know the reason for the visit and what you want to happen.
Before your visit, write down questions you want answered.
At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you for your child.
Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed and how it will help your child. Also know what the side effects are.
Ask if your child’s condition can be treated in other ways.
Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean.
Know what to expect if your child does not take the medicine or have the test or procedure.
If your child has a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit.
Know how you can contact your child’s provider after office hours. This is important if your child becomes ill and you have questions or need advice.
News & Publications
Quantity and Characteristics of Waste at a Level I Trauma Center
The purpose of this study was to quantify and describe the amount of waste generated by an Emergency Department, identify deviations from waste policy and explore areas for waste reduction.
The Climate-Smart Emergency Department: A Primer
Our publication keeps health care professionals up to date on the latest research and clinical advances from Mass General.
Research Institute Blog
News and notes from the largest hospital-based research program in the United States
Charged
A podcast devoted to uncovering the stories of Mass General's relentless pursuit to break boundaries and provide exceptional care
Patient Gateway
The Patient Gateway provides secure online access to your health information whenever you need it. Check upcoming appointments, communicate with your doctor’s office, review medications and pay medical bills—all seamlessly online 24/7.